Benin, situated at the transition zone between the Guinean and Sudanian climatic regimes, has experienced marked precipitation and thermal variability over recent decades. This study presents a comparative analysis of climate instability in Benin during 2024 and 2025, utilizing data from six national synoptic stations operated by Météo-Bénin: Cotonou, Bohicon, Savè, Parakou, Natitingou, and Kandi. The analytical framework evaluates annual and monthly cumulative rainfall, precipitation anomalies relative to the 1991–2020 climatological normal, rainy day frequency, mean annual temperatures, and synthetic variability indicators including the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The findings indicate that 2024 was characterized by a generalized rainfall surplus (+9% to +14% above normal), causing significant flooding across multiple departments. In contrast, 2025 exhibited a more variable pattern, marked by an early-season deficit along the coastal strip (-6.5% in Cotonou) and near-normal totals across central and northern stations (-2.7% to +5.1%). Thermal analysis demonstrates a consistent interannual warming trend across all stations (+0.2°C to +0.3°C), with higher increments recorded in northern semi-arid zones. Furthermore, a decline in rainy days during 2025 alongside stable volume totals suggests an intensification of daily rainfall events. These results underscore the growing interannual climate volatility in Benin and highlight the necessity of strengthening early warning systems and institutional climate adaptation frameworks.
