Immunomodulators and their role in oral diseases- A Review

Immunomodulators are a diverse group of agents that modify the immune system’s activity to achieve therapeutic benefits. They can either enhance immune responses [immunostimulants] or suppress those [immunosuppressant’s] depending on the clinical need. These drugs play a critical role in autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions, cancers and organ transplantation. The use of immunomodulators requires careful monitoring due to the risk of adverse effects like increased susceptibility to infections or immune imbalance. Immunomodulators acts through various mechanisms like regulating cytokine production, altering lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation, modulating signaling pathways involved in immune activation.